Professor of Therapeutics (Health Economics Clinical Trial Unit, AP-HP Paris hospitals, France), specialist in gastroenterology, with a long experience in developing Patient-Reported Outcomes (PRO) questionnaires. Involved for more than 20 years in dossiers expertise for EMA and French Drug Agency and for more than 30 years in Ethics Committees. Co-author of the EMA Reflection Paper on Health-Related Quality of Life. Deputy director of an academic research team on epidemiology and PRO (Université Paris Cité, Inserm). Past chair of the ISPOR SIG Clinical Outcomes Assessment (COA).